Jenereta Wamaginito Wamuyaya: Chidule

Mawu Oyamba

Permanent magnet generator (PMGs) ndi zida zatsopano zomwe zimasinthira mphamvu yamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito maginito osatha kuti apange maginito. Majeneretawa ndi odziwika chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri, kudalirika, komanso kuchepa kwa zofunikira pakukonza poyerekeza ndi majenereta achikhalidwe. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za zigawo zawo, mfundo zogwirira ntchito, mitundu, ndi ntchito.

Zigawo za Permanent Magnet Jenereta

Permanent Magnet Generators (PMGs) ndizofunikira pamapulogalamu osiyanasiyana. Kuti mumvetsetse ntchito zawo, m'pofunika kufufuza zigawo zikuluzikulu za jeneretazi.

 Rotor:

Rotor ndi gawo lozungulira la jenereta. Imaphatikizidwa ndi maginito okhazikika. Maginitowa amapereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yolimba ya maginito pamene rotor imazungulira.

 Stator:

Stator ndi gawo loyima lomwe limakhala ndi rotor. Lili ndi ma windings (makoyilo a waya) kumene magetsi opangidwa amapangidwa.

 Maginito Okhazikika:

Maginito osatha monga neodymium, samarium-cobalt, kapena ferrite, amapanga maginito okhazikika popanda kufunikira kwa gwero lamphamvu lakunja. Amawonjezera mphamvu ya jenereta.

 Ma Bearings:

Ma bearings amathandizira rotor, kotero rotor imatha kuyendayenda bwino mkati mwa stator. Zonyamulira zapamwamba zimachepetsa kukangana ndi kutha komanso zimapangitsa kuti jenereta ikhale ndi moyo wautali.

 Dongosolo Lozizira:

Ma PMG angaphatikizepo njira yozizirira kuti iwononge kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi yogwira ntchito. Dongosolo loziziritsa limatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kupewa kutenthedwa.

Mfundo Zogwirira Ntchito za Majenereta Okhazikika a Magnet

Ma PMG amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posintha mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi. Umu ndi momwe ma jeneretawa amagwirira ntchito.

1.Poyamba, mphamvu zamakina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pashaft, kuchititsa kuti chizungulire. Pamene rotor imazungulira, imapanga kusintha kwa maginito. Mphamvu ya maginito iyi ndiye imalumikizana ndistator, yomwe ili ndi zopota zamkuwa. Kulumikizana pakati pa mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira ndi mapindikidwe osasunthika kumapangitsa kuti magetsi azikhala mu stator.

2. Pambuyo pake, amayendedweonetsetsani kuti rotor imayenda bwino pochepetsa kukangana ndikuthandizira shaft. Njira yonseyi imasungidwa m'malo olimbachimango, kuteteza zigawo zamkati ndi kusunga umphumphu wamapangidwe.

3. Pomaliza,machitidwe owongolerawongolerani zotulutsa za jenereta, kotero mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi yokhazikika komanso yosasinthika. Makinawa amawongolera magwiridwe antchito ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya jenereta.

4.Ndi mfundo izi zogwirira ntchito, Permanent Magnet Generators amasintha bwino mphamvu zamakina kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi zodalirika, zothandizira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Mitundu Yamajenereta Okhazikika a Magnet

Majenereta ogwira mtimawa amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Aliyense wa iwo ndi oyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi zofunika ntchito.

Brushless PMGs amayamikiridwa kwambiri chifukwa chosowa kuwongolera komanso moyo wautali. Majeneretawa amachotsa kufunikira kwa maburashi ndi mphete zozembera, kuchepetsa kung'ambika ndi kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito.

Ma Axial Flux PMG amabwera ndi kapangidwe kake komanso kopepuka. Ma jeneretawa ndi abwino kwa ntchito monga m'mafakitale amagalimoto ndi azamlengalenga.

Ma Radial Flux PMGs ndi mapangidwe omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi opangira mphepo ndi mafakitale. Majeneretawa amaonekera bwino chifukwa cha zomangamanga zawo zolimba komanso zotulutsa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwira ntchito zolemetsa.

Ma PMG othamanga kwambiri amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri, opatsa mphamvu zambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira jenereta yophatikizika yokhala ndi chiyerekezo champhamvu cholemera, monga ma turbine ang'onoang'ono ndi makina ang'onoang'ono amagetsi.

Ma PMG a Low-Speed ​​ndi oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati kupanga magetsi opangira magetsi amadzi, komwe kuthamanga kozungulira kumakhala kotsika. Majeneretawa amamangidwa kuti apereke mphamvu zofananira ngakhale pa liwiro lotsika, kuonetsetsa kudalirika komanso kuchita bwino pamachitidwe awo enieni.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Majenereta Okhazikika a Magnet

 1. Wind Turbines:

Ma PMG amapeza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumagetsi opangira mphepo chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso kudalirika kwawo. Amasintha mphamvu zamakina amasamba ozungulira kukhala mphamvu yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamphepo kuti apange mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa.

 2. Mphamvu yamagetsi:

M'makina ang'onoang'ono a hydropower, PMGs amasintha mphamvu zamakina zamadzi oyenda kukhala mphamvu zamagetsi. Kuchita bwino kwawo komanso kusamalidwa bwino kumawapangitsa kukhala abwino kumadera akutali kapena opanda gridi.

 3.Magalimoto Amagetsi:

Ma PMG amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto amagetsi kuti apange magetsi kuchokera kumakina obwezeretsanso mabuleki, kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi ndikuwonjezera moyo wa batri.

 4. Majenereta Onyamula:

Ma PMG ang'onoang'ono komanso ogwira mtima ndi othandiza pamajenereta onyamula, kupereka mphamvu yodalirika yochitira zinthu zakunja, malo omanga, ndi mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera mwadzidzidzi.

 5. Ntchito Zam'madzi:

Ma PMG amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo am'madzi kuti apange magetsi kuchokera kumafunde kapena mafunde. Kukhalitsa kwawo ndi kukana zinthu zowawa kumawapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito panyanja.

Kuchita Mwachangu ndi Kusamalira

Majenereta a maginito osatha ndi abwino kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu ya maginito yosasinthasintha yoperekedwa ndi maginito osatha. Amafunikira chisamaliro chochepa poyerekeza ndi majenereta achikhalidwe, popeza alibe maburashi ndi mphete zoterera zomwe zimatha pakapita nthawi. Kuwunika pafupipafupi kwa ma bearings ndi makina oziziritsa, komanso kuyeretsa nthawi ndi nthawi, kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino komanso moyo wautali.

Mapeto

Majenereta osatha a maginito ndiwopita patsogolo kwambiri paukadaulo wa jenereta chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri, kudalirika, komanso kukonza pang'ono. Kumvetsetsa magawo awo, mfundo, mitundu, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikofunikira kuti apindule nawo m'magawo osiyanasiyana.

Kuchokera kumagetsi ongowonjezedwanso monga mphepo ndi mphamvu yamadzi kupita kumagalimoto amagetsi ndi ma jenereta onyamula, ma PMG amagwira ntchito yofunikira pakupangira mphamvu zamakono. Adzatsogolera ku tsogolo lokhazikika komanso labwino.