Imashini ihoraho ya Magneti: Incamake

Intangiriro

Amashanyarazi ahoraho (PMGs) nibikoresho bishya bihindura ingufu za mashini ingufu zamashanyarazi ukoresheje magnesi zihoraho kugirango habeho umurima wa rukuruzi. Amashanyarazi azwiho gukora neza, kwizerwa, no kugabanya ibisabwa byo kubungabunga ugereranije na generator gakondo. Iyi ngingo izaganira kubigize, amahame yakazi, ubwoko, nibisabwa.

Ibigize amashanyarazi ahoraho

Amashanyarazi ahoraho (PMGs) ni ngombwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Kugira ngo wumve imikorere yabo, ni ngombwa gucukumbura ibice byingenzi bigize moteri.

 Rotor:

Rotor nigice kizunguruka cya generator. Yashizwemo na magnesi zihoraho. Izi magneti zitanga imbaraga zihamye kandi zikomeye nkuko rotor izunguruka.

 Stator:

Stator nigice gihagaze kibamo rotor. Harimo guhinduranya (coil of wire) aho ingufu zatewe.

 Imashini zihoraho:

Imashini zihoraho nka neodymium, samarium-cobalt, cyangwa ferrite, zikora umurima wa rukuruzi uhamye udakeneye isoko yimbaraga zituruka hanze. Zongera imikorere ya generator.

 Imyenda:

Ibikoresho bifasha rotor, kugirango rotor irashobora kuzunguruka neza muri stator. Ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bigabanya guterana no kwambara kandi bigira uruhare mu kuramba kwa generator.

 Sisitemu yo gukonjesha:

PMGs irashobora gushiramo sisitemu yo gukonjesha kugirango igabanye ubushyuhe butangwa mugihe gikora. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha itanga imikorere myiza kandi ikarinda ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Amahame y'akazi ya Generator zihoraho

PMGs igira uruhare runini muguhindura ingufu za mashini mumashanyarazi. Dore uko izo generator zikora.

1.Mu ntangiriro, ingufu za mashini zikoreshwa kurishaft, bigatuma izunguruka. Nka rotor izunguruka, irema impinduka ya magneti. Imbaraga za magnetiki zikora noneho zikorana nastator, irimo imirongo y'umuringa. Imikoranire hagati yumuzenguruko wa magnetiki izenguruka hamwe nu guhinduranya guhagarara bitera amashanyarazi muri stator.

2. Nyuma yaho ,.ububikomenya neza ko rotor izunguruka neza mugabanya ubukana no gushyigikira igiti. Inzira yose yubatswe muburyo bukomeyeIkadiri, kurinda ibice byimbere no gukomeza ubusugire bwimiterere.

3. Ubwanyuma,sisitemu yo kugenzurakugenzura umusaruro wa generator, bityo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zakozwe zirahagaze kandi zihamye. Sisitemu itezimbere imikorere kandi izamura imikorere ya generator.

4. Hamwe naya mahame yakazi, Imashini zihoraho za Magneteri zihindura neza ingufu za mashini mumashanyarazi yizewe, zunganira ibintu byinshi.

Ubwoko bwamashanyarazi ahoraho

Amashanyarazi akora neza aza muburyo butandukanye. Buri kimwe muribi gikwiranye nibisabwa bitandukanye nibisabwa mubikorwa.

Brushless PMGs itoneshwa cyane kubera ibisabwa bike byo kubungabunga no kuramba. Amashanyarazi akuraho ibikenerwa byo gukaraba no kunyerera, kugabanya kwambara no kurira no kuzamura imikorere muri rusange.

Axial Flux PMGs izanye igishushanyo mbonera kandi cyoroshye. Amashanyarazi nibyiza kubisabwa nko mu nganda zitwara ibinyabiziga n’ikirere.

Radial Flux PMGs nigishushanyo gikunze gukoreshwa muri turbine yumuyaga no mubikorwa byinganda. Amashanyarazi aragaragara kubwubatsi bukomeye kandi butanga ingufu nyinshi, bigatuma bikenerwa nibikorwa biremereye.

PMGs yihuta cyane yashizweho kugirango ikore ku muvuduko mwinshi cyane, utanga ingufu nyinshi. Ibi mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba generator yoroheje ifite igipimo kinini-cy-uburemere, nko muri micro-turbine na sisitemu ntoya.

Umuvuduko muke PMGs urakenewe cyane cyane mubisabwa nka hydroelectric power power, aho umuvuduko wo kuzenguruka uba muke. Amashanyarazi yubatswe kugirango atange ingufu zihoraho ndetse no kumuvuduko muke, byemeza kwizerwa no gukora neza mubibazo byihariye byo gukoresha.

Porogaramu ya Magneteri Itanga Amashanyarazi

 1.Wind Turbines:

PMGs isanga ikoreshwa cyane muri turbine z'umuyaga kubera imikorere yazo kandi yizewe. Bahindura ingufu za mashini za blade zizunguruka mu mbaraga z'amashanyarazi, bakoresha ingufu z'umuyaga kubyara ingufu zishobora kubaho.

 2.Imashanyarazi:

Muri sisitemu ntoya y’amashanyarazi, PMGs ihindura ingufu za mashini zamazi atemba mumashanyarazi. Imikorere yabo hamwe no kubungabunga bike bituma biba byiza ahantu hitaruye cyangwa hanze ya grid.

 3.Ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi:

PMGs ikoreshwa mumodoka yamashanyarazi kugirango itange amashanyarazi muri sisitemu yo gufata feri nshya, kuzamura ingufu muri rusange no kongera igihe cya bateri.

 4.Ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi:

PMGs yoroheje kandi ikora neza ni ingirakamaro muri generator zitwara abantu, zitanga isoko yizewe yibikorwa byo hanze, ahazubakwa, nimbaraga zo gusubira inyuma.

 5.Marine Porogaramu:

PMGs ikoreshwa mubidukikije byo mu nyanja kugirango itange amashanyarazi ava mumiraba cyangwa ingufu zamazi. Kuramba kwabo no kurwanya ibihe bibi bituma bakora neza mumazi.

Gukora neza no Kubungabunga

Imashini zihoraho za magneti zikora neza cyane kubera imbaraga za rukuruzi zihoraho kandi zikomeye zitangwa na magnesi zihoraho. Bakenera kubungabungwa bike ugereranije na generator gakondo, kuko babuze guswera nimpeta zinyerera zishaje mugihe. Kugenzura buri gihe sisitemu yo gukonjesha hamwe na sisitemu yo gukonjesha, hamwe nogusukura buri gihe, byemeza imikorere myiza no kuramba.

Umwanzuro

Imashini zihoraho za magneti niterambere ryiterambere mubuhanga bwa generator bitewe nubushobozi bwabo buhanitse, kwiringirwa, no kubungabunga bike. Gusobanukirwa ibigize, amahame, ubwoko, nibisabwa ni ngombwa mugukoresha inyungu zabo mubice bitandukanye.

Kuva muri sisitemu y’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa nkumuyaga n’amashanyarazi kugeza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi na moteri zitwara abantu, PMGs igira uruhare runini mukubyara ingufu zigezweho. Bagiye kuyobora ejo hazaza harambye kandi neza.