Ijeneretha yeMazibuthe eSisigxina: Isishwankathelo

Intshayelelo

Iijenereyitha zemagnethi ezisisigxina (PMGs) zizixhobo ezivelisa izinto ezintsha eziguqula amandla omatshini abe ngamandla ombane kusetyenziswa iimagnethi ezisisigxina ukwenza umhlaba wemagnethi. Ezi jeneretha ziphawuleka ngokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, ukuthembeka, kunye nokunciphisa iimfuno zokugcina xa kuthelekiswa neejeneretha zendabuko. Eli nqaku liza kuxoxa ngamacandelo abo, imigaqo yokusebenza, iintlobo, kunye nokusetyenziswa.

Amacandelo eeJenereyitha zeMagnet eziSisigxina

Iijenereyitha zeMagnet eziZisigxina (PMGs) zibalulekile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ukuqonda imisebenzi yazo, kubalulekile ukuphonononga amacandelo aphambili ezi jenereyitha.

 Rotor:

I-rotor yinxalenye ejikelezayo yejeneretha. Ifakwe ngemagnethi esisigxina. Ezi magnethi zibonelela ngommandla oqinileyo kunye nonamandla njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza.

 Stator:

I-stator yindawo emileyo ehlala i-rotor. Iqulethe i-windings (iikhoyili zocingo) apho i-voltage e-induced yenziwa khona.

 Iimagnethi eziSigxina:

Iimagnethi ezisisigxina ezifana neodymium, i-samarium-cobalt, okanye i-ferrite, zenza indawo ezinzileyo yamagnetic ngaphandle kwesidingo somthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Baphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwejenereyitha.

 Iibheringi:

Iibheringi zixhasa i-rotor, ngoko i-rotor inokujikeleza kakuhle ngaphakathi kwe-stator. Iibheringi ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuguga kwaye zibe negalelo kubomi obude bejenereyitha.

 Inkqubo yokupholisa:

Ii-PMGs zinokubandakanya inkqubo yokupholisa ukukhupha ubushushu obuveliswe ngexesha lokusebenza. Inkqubo yokupholisa iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye inqanda ukushisa.

Imigaqo yokuSebenza yeeJenereyitha zeMagnet eziSisigxina

Ii-PMGs zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni amandla oomatshini abe ngamandla ombane. Nantsi indlela ezi generator zisebenza ngayo.

1.Ekuqaleni, amandla omatshini asetyenziswa kwiumphini, ibangela ukuba ijikeleze. Njengoko i-rotor ijikeleza, idala indawo yamagnetic eguqukayo. Lo mmandla wemagnethi oguqukayo emva koko unxibelelana nestator, equlethe i-copper windings. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo kunye nemimoya emileyo ibangela umbane wombane kwi-stator.

2. Emva koko, iiibheringiqinisekisa ukuba i-rotor ijikeleza kakuhle ngokunciphisa ukukhuhla kunye nokuxhasa i-shaft. Yonke le nkqubo igcinwe kwindawo eyomeleleyoisakhelo, ukukhusela amacandelo angaphakathi kunye nokugcina imfezeko yesakhiwo.

3. Ekugqibeleni,iinkqubo zolawulolawula imveliso ye-generator, ngoko ke amandla ombane avelisiweyo azinzile kwaye ahambelana. Ezi nkqubo zandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye ziphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwejenereyitha.

I-4.Ngale migaqo yokusebenza, i-Permanent Magnet Generators iguqula ngokufanelekileyo amandla omatshini kumandla ombane athembekileyo, axhasa uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Iintlobo zeeJenereyitha zeMagnet eziSisigxina

Ezi jenereyitha zisebenzayo ziza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngamnye wabo ufanelekile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemfuno zokusebenza.

Ii-PMG ze-Brushless zithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yeemfuno zazo zokugcinwa okuphantsi kunye nobomi obude. Ezi generator ziphelisa imfuno yeebrashi kunye ne-slip rings, ukunciphisa ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle.

I-Axial Flux PMGs iza ne-compact kunye noyilo olulula. Ezi jenereyitha zifanelekile kwizicelo ezifana nemizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye ne-aerospace.

I-Radial Flux PMGs lolona yilo luqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa kwiiinjini zomoya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino. Ezi jenereyitha zibalasele ngolwakhiwo lwazo oluqinileyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwamandla aphezulu, okubenza bafanelekele imisebenzi enzima.

I-High-Speed ​​PMGs yenzelwe ukusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu sokujikeleza, inika amandla aphezulu aphezulu. Ezi zidla ngokusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ijenereyitha ehlangeneyo enomlinganiselo ophezulu wobunzima bobunzima, obufana nee-micro-turbines kunye neenkqubo zombane ezincinci.

I-Low-Speed ​​PMGs zilungele ngokukodwa izicelo ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla ombane wamanzi, apho isantya sokujikeleza sisezantsi noko. Ezi generator zakhiwe ukubonelela ngemveliso yamandla ehambelanayo nakwizantya eziphantsi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwiimeko zabo zokusetyenziswa.

Usetyenziso lweeJenereyitha zeMagnet eziSisigxina

 1. Iiinjini zomoya:

Ii-PMG zifumana ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiiinjini zomoya ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka. Baguqula amandla oomatshini beencakuba ezijikelezayo zibe ngamandla ombane, besebenzisa amandla omoya ukuvelisa amandla ahlaziyekayo.

 2.Amandla ombane:

Kwiinkqubo ezincinci zombane wamanzi, ii-PMG ziguqula amandla omatshini wokuqukuqela kwamanzi abe ngamandla ombane. Ukusebenza kwabo kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi kubenza bafaneleke kwiindawo ezikude okanye ngaphandle kwegridi.

 3.IiThuthi zoMbane:

Ii-PMGs ziqeshwe kwizithuthi zombane ukuvelisa umbane kwiinkqubo zokuqhobosha ngokutsha, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri.

 4.Iijenereyitha eziphathwayo:

Ii-PMG eziqinileyo nezisebenzayo ziluncedo kwiijenereyitha eziphathwayo, zibonelela ngomthombo wamandla othembekileyo wemisebenzi yangaphandle, iindawo zokwakha, kunye namandla okuxhasa ngokukhawuleza.

 5.Izicelo zaseLwandle:

Ii-PMGs zisetyenziswa kwindawo ezihlala elwandle ukuvelisa umbane osuka kumaza okanye amandla olwandle. Ukomelela kwazo kunye nokuxhathisa iimeko ezinzima kuzenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa elwandle.

Ubuchule kunye noLondolozo

Iijenereyitha zemagnethi ezisisigxina zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ngenxa yemagnethi engaguqukiyo neyomeleleyo ebonelelwa ngoomazibuthe abasisigxina. Bafuna ukugcinwa okuncinci xa kuthelekiswa neejenereyitha zemveli, njengoko bengenazo iibrashi kunye nezangqa zokutshibilika eziguga ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kweebheringi kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa, kunye nokucoca ngezikhathi ezithile, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.

Ukuqukumbela

Iijenereyitha zemagnethi ezisisigxina luphuhliso olubalulekileyo kwitekhnoloji yejenereyitha enkosi ekusebenzeni kwabo okuphezulu, ukuthembeka, kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi. Ukuqonda amacandelo abo, imigaqo, iintlobo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kubalulekile ekuzuzeni izibonelelo zabo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukusuka kwiinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo njengomoya kunye nombane wamanzi ukuya kwizithuthi zombane kunye neejenereyitha eziphathwayo, ii-PMGs zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni amandla anamhlanje. Ziya kukhokelela kwikamva elizinzileyo nelisebenzayo.