Unomphela Magnet Generator: Uhlolojikelele

Isingeniso

Amajeneretha azibuthe ahlala njalo (PMGs) angamadivayisi asungulayo aguqula amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi kusetshenziswa omazibuthe baphakade ukuze akhe insimu kazibuthe. Lawa majeneretha aphawuleka ngokusebenza kahle kwawo okuphezulu, ukwethembeka, kanye nezidingo ezincishisiwe zokunakekelwa uma kuqhathaniswa namajeneretha avamile. Lesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezingxenye zabo, izimiso zokusebenza, izinhlobo, kanye nezicelo.

Izingxenye Zezijeneretha Zezibuthe Ezingunaphakade

Amajeneretha Kazibuthe Angunaphakade (PMGs) abalulekile ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene. Ukuze uqonde imisebenzi yazo, kubalulekile ukuhlola izingxenye ezibalulekile zalawa majeneretha.

 I-Rotor:

I-rotor iyingxenye ejikelezayo ye-generator. Ishumekwe ngozibuthe baphakade. Lawa mamagnethi ahlinzeka ngensimu kazibuthe engaguquki futhi enamandla njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza.

 Stator:

I-stator yingxenye emile ehlala i-rotor. Iqukethe ama-windings (amakhoyili ezintambo) lapho i-voltage eyenzelwe khona ikhiqizwa.

 Ozibuthe Abahlala Njalo:

Ozibuthe baphakade njenge-neodymium, i-samarium-cobalt, noma i-ferrite, bakha inkambu kazibuthe ezinzile ngaphandle kwesidingo somthombo wamandla wangaphandle. Bathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwejeneretha.

 Ama-Bearings:

Ama-Bearings asekela i-rotor, ngakho-ke i-rotor ingakwazi ukujikeleza kahle ngaphakathi kwe-stator. Ama-bearings ekhwalithi ephezulu anciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga futhi anomthelela ekuphileni isikhathi eside kwejeneretha.

 Uhlelo Lokupholisa:

Ama-PMG angafaka isistimu yokupholisa ukuze kukhishwe ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Isistimu yokupholisa iqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle futhi ivimbela ukushisa ngokweqile.

Izimiso Zokusebenza Zezijeneretha Zezibuthe Ezihlala Njalo

Ama-PMG adlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi. Nansi indlela la majeneretha asebenza ngayo.

1.Ekuqaleni, amandla emishini asetshenziswa ku-umphini, ibangele ukuthi ijikeleze. Njengoba i-rotor ijikeleza, idala insimu yamagnetic eshintshayo. Le nkambu kazibuthe enamandla ibe isebenzisana nestator, equkethe i-copper windings. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwenkundla kazibuthe ezungezayo kanye namawindi anganyakazi kubangela amandla kagesi ku-stator.

2. Ngemva kwalokho, iama-bearingsqinisekisa ukuthi i-rotor ijikeleza kahle ngokunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokusekela i-shaft. Yonke inqubo igcinwe endaweni eqinileifreyimu, ukuvikela izingxenye zangaphakathi nokugcina ubuqotho besakhiwo.

3.Ekugcineni,amasistimu okulawulalawula ukuphuma kwejeneretha, ngakho amandla kagesi akhiqizwayo azinzile futhi awashintshi. Lawa masistimu athuthukisa ukusebenza futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwejeneretha.

I-4.Ngalezi zimiso zokusebenza, ama-Permanent Magnet Generators aguqula kahle amandla omshini abe amandla kagesi athembekile, asekela izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.

Izinhlobo Zezijeneretha Zezibuthe Ezingunaphakade

Lawa majeneretha asebenzayo afika ngezinhlobo ezahlukene. Ngamunye wabo ulungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene kanye nezidingo zokusebenza.

Ama-PMG angama-Brushless athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezidingo zawo eziphansi zokunakekelwa kanye nempilo ende. Lawa majeneretha aqeda isidingo samabhulashi nezindandatho zokushelela, anciphisa ukuguga futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle okuphelele.

I-Axial Flux PMGs iza nomklamo ohlangene futhi ongasindi. Lawa majeneretha alungele ukusetshenziswa njengasembonini yezimoto kanye ne-aerospace.

I-Radial Flux PMGs iwumklamo ovame kakhulu osetshenziswa kuma-turbines omoya kanye nezicelo zezimboni. Lawa majeneretha agqama ngokwakhiwa kwawo okuqinile namandla aphakeme aphumayo, okuwenza afanelekele ukusebenza kanzima.

I-High-Speed ​​PMGs yakhelwe ukusebenza ngesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu sokuzungeza, ihlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu. Lokhu kuvamise ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ijeneretha ehlangene enesilinganiso esiphezulu samandla nesisindo, njengakuma-micro-turbines namasistimu wamandla wezinga elincane.

I-Low-Speed ​​PMGs ifaneleka ngokukhethekile izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ngamanzi, lapho isivinini sokujikeleza siphansi ngokuqhathaniswa. Lawa majeneretha akhelwe ukuhlinzeka ngokuphuma kwamandla okungaguquki ngisho nangesivinini esiphansi, ukuqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokusebenza kahle ezimweni zabo zokusebenzisa ezithile.

Izicelo Zezijeneretha Zezibuthe Ezingunaphakade

 1.Ama-Wind Turbines:

Ama-PMG athola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kuma-turbines omoya ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo okuphezulu nokuthembeka. Aguqula amandla emishini yama-blades ajikelezayo abe amandla kagesi, asebenzise amandla omoya ukuze akhiqize amandla avuselelekayo.

 2.Amandla kagesi:

Ezinhlelweni ezincane zamandla kagesi, ama-PMG aguqula amandla emishini amanzi ageleza abe amandla kagesi. Ukusebenza kahle kwazo kanye nokunakekelwa okuphansi kwazo kuzenza zilungele izindawo ezikude noma ezingaphandle kwegridi.

 3.Izimoto zikagesi:

Ama-PMG aqashwe ezimotweni zikagesi ukukhiqiza ugesi ngezinhlelo zokubhuleka ezivuselelayo, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokwelula impilo yebhethri.

 4. Amajeneretha Aphathekayo:

Ama-PMG ahlangene futhi asebenza ngempumelelo awusizo kumajeneretha aphathekayo, ahlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa wemisebenzi yangaphandle, iziza zokwakha, namandla ayisipele esiphuthumayo.

 5.Izicelo Zasolwandle:

Ama-PMG asetshenziswa ezindaweni zasolwandle ukukhiqiza ugesi ngamagagasi noma amandla olwandle. Ukuqina kwazo kanye nokumelana nezimo ezinzima kuzenza zilungele ukusetshenziswa olwandle.

Ukusebenza kahle kanye Nokugcinwa

Izijeneretha zikazibuthe ezihlala njalo zisebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yenkambu kazibuthe engaguquki futhi enamandla ehlinzekwa yizibuthe ezihlala njalo. Adinga ukulungiswa okuncane uma kuqhathaniswa namajeneretha endabuko, njengoba bengenawo amabhulashi namaringi ashelelayo aguga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwama-bearings nezinhlelo zokupholisa, kanye nokuhlanza ngezikhathi ezithile, kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphila isikhathi eside.

Isiphetho

Amajeneretha azibuthe ahlala njalo ayinqubekelaphambili ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bamajeneretha ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwawo okuphezulu, ukwethembeka, nokunakekelwa okuphansi. Ukuqonda izingxenye zabo, izimiso, izinhlobo, kanye nezicelo kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe izinzuzo zabo emikhakheni eyahlukene.

Kusukela ezinhlelweni zamandla avuselelekayo njengomoya namandla aphehlwa ngamanzi ukuya ezimotweni zikagesi namajeneretha aphathwayo, ama-PMG adlala indima ebalulekile ekuphehleni amandla esimanjemanje. Zizoholela ekusaseni elisimeme neliphumelelayo.